Uitspraak van verwijderd op zaterdag 9 maart 2013 om 18:37:
Universum bestaat
Verleden kan niet eeuwig zijn
Universum heeft dus een begin
Uitspraak van verwijderd op zaterdag 9 maart 2013 om 19:21:
onzin
Uitspraak van verwijderd op zaterdag 9 maart 2013 om 18:37:
Uitspraak van hong op zaterdag 9 maart 2013 om 17:53:
Niemand heeft hier nog aangetoond dat God bestaat
Leuk om elkaar btje proberen te overtreffen en zinloze discussies beginnen en niet afmaken
Ik plaats hier speciaal voor jullie n tekst die ik wel passend vind voor jullie 2 en tis interessant voor iedereen die zich afvraagt waarom je in God zou geloven (welke bewijzen zijn er)
Ik heb t een aantal keer doorgenomen en voor zover ik t kan beoordelen is dit waterdicht
Veel succes met het proberen te weerleggen als je denkt: "ONZIN"
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------XaeeD!!!
As-Sayk Muyiddiin on the pebbles thrown in ajj pilgrimage
( ) : “” : : :
As-Saˆaraaniyy said: “As-Sayk Muyiddiin mentioned in the chapter on ajj in Al-Futuuaat the following: ‘The pebbles we are throwing are seven, because the Satan always comes to the thrower there with seven seeds-of-doubt (misgivings). So, the thrower throws a pebble at each of these satanic suggestions. And the meaning of saying, " Allaahu-Akbar," with every thrown pebble is that Aaah is greater than what the Satan brought.’ He (As-Sayk Muyiddiin) explained this at length, then he said:”
The first pebble
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"If he comes to you with the satanic suggestion that Allah Himself does not exist, then throw at him the pebble that represents the absolute need of anything intrinsically possible-in-existence to have its possibility of non-existence outweighed by the One that makes it so (otherwise it would be non-existent); which means that He (Aaah) is intrinsically necessary in existence (so He does not need a creator as His existence is a must, and not a possibility).”
Background for understanding the meaning of the first pebble.
The actual existence of something can only be either intrinsically necessary to it or intrinsically possible. There is no third alternative. The intrinsically necessary to itself must exist, and its non-existence would be impossible. The intrinsically possible to itself might exist and it might not. The benefit of realizing this is that:
If something has a beginning it is only possible in existence.
If we can establish that something can cease to exist, or has a beginning, we can establish that it is possible in existence. Why is this true? Because its non-existence would then be possible, and hence its existence is not a must, but only intrinsically possible.
If something has an end, or could have an end, then it is only possible in existence.
This is because it’s non-existence is possible, and this means that its existence is not intrinsic to it.
The beginninglessly eternal does not accept non-existence.
This is because it is then clear that its existence is dependent on something else, and not intrinsic to it.
Moreover, if it accepted non-existence, then its period of existence would need to be specified. This means that it would then be only intrinsically possible in existence, because it depends on the specification of something else. This again means it would have a beginning, and it was assumed that it was beginningless, so this is a contradiction.
The beginninglessly eternal cannot be intrinsically possible in existence, so it must be necessary.
If we establish something as beginninglessly eternal, we can know that its existence is necessary. How is that? Well, because if you said it is without a beginning, you would have said that it does not need something else to specify its existence. This means that it must exist, and that its existence is intrinsic to itself.
The possible in existence must have a beginning.
That is, if something is possible in existence, it needs to be specified by something other than itself. After all, something that has many possible and alternative aspects to its existence, needs to have one alternative specified over another, such as the period of existence relative to other possible things. This other must be precedent to its existence to specify it, and it must be brought into existence according to this specification. This means that the possible cannot be beginningless, because it must have been brought into existence.
Moreover, if someone suggested that something possible in existence was beginningless, then he is saying that its existence is without prior non-existence. If it has no prior non-existence, however, then it would not be needing something else to exist. This means that its existence is intrinsic to it. Accordingly, it is self-contradictory to claim that something possible could be beginningless.
If something must exist due to something else, then it is intrinsically possible in existence.
If we say that something must exist, then this is either because of something else, or not. If it is because of something preceding it, then it is possible in existence. If it is not, then it is necessary in existence. This means that what must exist and is necessary in existence cannot end, because that would mean that its existence is not a must.
Clarifying what As-Sayk Muyiddiin is saying
He is saying that our minds tells us that the world is not intrinsically necessary in existence, but needs to be brought into existence. The reason for this is that it changes all the time by moving, being still, changing in shape and color, changing in composition, and so on. To clarify, these changes entail the cessation of one characteristic and the emergence of another, which tells us that the attribute was only possible in existence, and not necessary.
This means again that the world needs specification for how it is at any point in time. This specification either comes from something else that is possible in existence, namely a cause that occurs, or from something necessary in existence. The latter is what we believe. It cannot come from something possible in the final analysis, because all intrinsically possible things have a beginning.
If one said that there was an eternal series of possibly existent things in the past, leading up to the existence of what exists today, then this is contradictory. The contradiction is that one would have to say that an infinite series of beginnings came to pass before today. This is a contradiction, because infinity cannot pass, that is, infinity cannot finish.
We know then, that this world must have been brought into existence by a being that is necessary in existence. The idea that Aaah does not exist is thereby refuted by “the absolute need of anything intrinsically possible-in-existence to have its possibility of non-existence outweighed by the One that makes it so.”
The second pebble
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"And if he comes to you suggesting that Allah is an essence, then throw at him with the second pebble; which is the proof that any essence is in absolute need of space existing in dependence on something else.”
The categories of the intrinsically possible existence.
Existence is either said to be only possible or necessary or impossible. The necessarily existent is Allah; whereas the possibly existent is anything that could exist and depends on its existence on being created, as we have explained previously. The possibly existent is either going to be something that exists in itself or in something else.
1. If it exists in itself (not in something else), then it is either going to be in a place or not.
i. If it is not, then this is what is called the stripped essence ( ), which was affirmed as existent by the Greek philosophers, but the vast majority of scholars denied its existence; as there is no proof of it.
ii. If it is in a place, it is called the indivisible particle Al-Jawhar Al-Fard (not to be confused with the atom because the atom is divisible into electrons, protons, etc…).
Note that what the two essences have in common is that they depend on others in their existence, because their existence in only intrinsically possible.
2. If it exists in something else, then this is incidental characteristics (al-ˆara)
Clarifying what As-Sayk Muyiddiin is saying regarding the second pebble
He is saying that Aaah cannot be an essence, because essences are dependent in their existence, and therefore only possible. They need to be brought into existence by something else. For something in a space this is clear, because the position of the space and the amount of space can only be something possible. After all, if something is in a particular position, then it could just as well have been in another, which means that the position is possible. Likewise, the amount of space it occupies is possible, because it could be bigger and it could be smaller depending on its specification.
Even if it was hypothesized to be a stripped essence, that is, without space, it would still have to be created. This is because it is impossible that there should be two or more that are all intrinsically necessary in existence. The reason is that they would either be completely identical or different. They cannot be completely identical, because this would mean that they would not be different at all, which would mean that they are not more than one in the first place. If they were different, then they would need specification in terms of which one should have which eternal attribute to distinguish it, which would make them both in need of specification and therefore possible in existence.
The third pebble
As-Saˆraaniyy continues his narration from As-Sayk Muyiddiin:
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"So, if he comes to you with the suggestion of anthropomorphism (believing that Allah has bodily characteristics), then throw at him the pebble of (all bodies) need for instruments, composition and parts.”
Clarifying what As-Sayk Muyiddiin is saying regarding the third pebble
He is saying that a body is intrinsically dependent in its existence on having instruments, being composed and having parts coming together. This necessitates specification, which means it is only possible in existence, and Aaah’s existence must be necessary, or it would not be eternal. Note that it does not matter whether these parts of claimed to be inseparable or not, because having a tangible border necessitates specification of this border, which means that anything with a tangible border is only possible in existence.
Moreover, bodies or particles are either moving or still. First, a body that is moving, must have a beginning, because being in a place at a point of time has a before and an after. The beginninglessly eternal cannot be something that reaches a point which has a before and an after, because any such hypothetical point will have beginningless eternity ending before it, and this is contradictory. Moreover, if it was eternally moving, then its movement would be infinite in distance, and moving across an infinite distance cannot be concluded, which means that no existing body could have been eternally moving. Furthermore, if movement was an eternal attribute, then it would be necessary, and could never end, and we know without a doubt that movements can end.
If it is argued that a body could be still in eternity and not moving, then this would mean that it could never move; because it would mean that stillness is an eternal attribute without a beginning; that it is “beginninglessly still.”We know, however, that any object in a particular position could be in another one. This means that it must be possible, and not necessary, and therefore not eternal.
The fourth pebble
As-Saˆraaniyy continues his narration:
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"And if he comes to you with the suggestion of incidental/temporal characteristics then throw at him the pebble of need of something to exist in, and that of existence after non-existence.”
Clarifying what As-Sayk Muyiddiin is saying regarding the fourth pebble
Incidental characteristics are attributes of essences, like taking a place, movement, color, shape, odor, softness, sound, ideas, sequence, feelings, emotions, drives, needs, change, etc… These all need an essence to exist in, and essences can only be possible in existence, as they need to have their incidental characteristics specified.
The fifth pebble
As-Saˆraaniyy continues his narration:
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"If he comes to you with the suggestion of ‘cause’, (which is the satanic suggestion that the effect is eternal with Him in existence,) then throw at him the fifth pebble, which is the affirmation that Allah existed and there was nothing else existing with Him.”
Clarifying what As-Sayk Muyiddiin is saying regarding the fifth pebble.
The Greek philosophers believed that Allah is the cause of the world’s existence not by choice (i.e. He did not create by choice, according to them). This meant that they believed one or more creations to be eternal. Similarly, Ibn Taymiyyah believed that the world (i.e. other than Aaah) is eternal, even though no particular creation is eternal. He says:
It is a necessity of Aaah’s self to act, but not an act in particular, and not having something done in particular, so there is no eternal object in the world, and He is not eternally a complete influencer for anything (to exist) in the world, but He has in beginningless eternity always been a complete influencer for something (to exist), one after another…[1] (A-afadiyyah, 2/97)
Note that his statement “It is a necessity of Aaah’s self to act, but not an act in particular,” means that Aaah has no choice but to create something. This is a plain ascription of flaw to the Creator, and the one that has such a belief is light years away from being anything that can be called a Muslim. All Muslims must believe that Aaah does not need to, and is not compelled to, or obligated to, create at all, and does not achieve more perfection by it.
These claims of the philosophers and Ibn Taymiyyah then, contradict the Islamic belief. This is as indicated by the Qur’aan:
" ",
Meaning: "He is Al-Awwal[2].” (Al-adiid, 03)." This means that He existed before everything else, and that He was not preceded by non-existence or the existence of something else . Al-Bukaariyy[3] narrated that the Prophet Muammad r said:
" "
"Aaah existed and there was nothing else" (Bukaariyy No. 3019) Aaah’s existence then, does not resemble the existence of created things. It is a beginning-less, eternal and necessary existence, and is not affected by anything, or shared with anything. This is what As-Sayk Muyiddiin meant by “the affirmation that Allah existed and there was nothing else existing with Him.”
One important point needs to be stressed: Beginningless Eternity is not a past time. Rather, it is an expression by which we mean the existence of Aaah with the non-existence of time, place and all creation. Our minds naturally want to know what this precedence of the Creator with respect to His creation is. It is not in time, however, because time is possible in existence, as it is parts (moments) following each other in sequence, and these parts are definitely not eternal. The whole of time then, is made up of possible parts, and is therefore only possible in existence. Accordingly, the precedence of its Creator cannot be in time, not the least because that would make Him both in time and not in time, which is self-contradictory.
The reality of this, however, is not something the mind can grasp, because anything that enters the mind is in a situation of time. That is why Aaah being precedent is known by us in general, but not in detail or comprehensively.
[ : 68]
Meaning: “Your Lord creates what He wills and chooses what He wills; nothing obligates Him and nothing prevents Him[4].” (Al-Qia, 68) (Tafsiir Al-Bayaawiyy, 4/301)
The sixth pebble
As-Saˆraaniyy continues his narration:
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"And if he comes to you with suggesting ‘nature’, then throw at him with the sixth pebble; which is the proof that (possible) multitude is dependent on Him in existence, and the need of each one of the natural elements for something else to join with in order to (hypothetically) bring natural bodies into existence.
For verily, nature is a collection of things that are actors and acted upon; respectively, heat and cold vs. moisture and dryness. And it is not correct that they get together (by intrinsic necessity) in themselves, nor that they separate by themselves (because these are possibilities in need of specification, and not necessities.) And they don’t exist except in the thing that is hot or cold, or moist or dry.”
Clarifying what As-Sayk Muyiddiin is saying regarding the sixth pebble
He is saying that since nature (the tempers: heat, cold, moisture, dryness, movement, etc.) are all possible in themselves. Moreover, they can’t exist without an essence to be in, which brings us back to the second proof which is that any essence needs a creator (because such an essence is only possible in existence). What he says here applies to modern atheists as well, who speaks of “natural laws,” such as gravity, as there is no gravity without bodies, and bodies cannot be eternal.
The seventh pebble
As-Saˆraaniyy continues his narration:
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"And if he comes to you suggesting ‘non-existence’ and says to you, ‘if Allah is not this and not that of all the things that have been mentioned previously, then there is nothing existing left!’ Then throw at him the seventh pebble, which is the proof of His influence on the possibly existing, and it is well known that what is non-existing cannot influence anything.”(Al-ˆUhuud Al-Muammadiyyah, 188)
Clarifying what As-Sayk Muyiddiin is saying regarding the seventh pebble
We know that Allah exists because this world can only be possible in existence, and therefore needs a Creator. This Creator then, definitely exists. He is not, however, anything like what we have perceived by our senses in this life. If He was, then He Himself would only be possible in existence and in need of a Creator. That is why As-Sayk Muyiddiin denied Aaah being an essence, anthropomorphism, being or having incidental/temporal characteristics, being a cause or nature. Human nature, however, is to imagine the reality of something it has not perceived, in terms of what has been seen. For this reason, denying that Aaah is like anything one knows, the feeble minded may jump to the conclusion that He is non-existent. This is fallacious, because it assumes that anything existing must be like what one has experienced, and this is completely unfounded.
Instead, as As-Sayk Muyiddiin indicates, one knows that Aaah exists by the existence of possible things, and rejects likeness to creation for the same reason, namely that anything like creation would itself need a creator. This is as narrated authentically by Ibn ajar in Fatu-l-Baarii[5] from Ibn ˆAbbaas[6],
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"Ponder about everything, but do not ponder about the Self of Aaah." (Fatu-l-Baarii, 13/383) .
He said this because such dwelling leads one to draw analogies between the Creator and the created, which is blasphemy. A-aaawiyy said:
…. …. …. ….
This is a detailed remembrance of the belief of the People of the Sunnah and (following) the Jamaaˆah…. Whoever attributed to Aaah an attribute that has a meaning among the meanings that apply to humans has committed blasphemy…. Aaah is clear of and above having limits, extremes, corners, limbs or instruments…. The six directions (up, down, front, back, left and right) do not contain Him unlike all created things…. We do not engross ourselves in (thinking about the reality of) Aaah.
This completes the discussion on what As-Saˆraaniyy narrated from As-Sayk Muyiddiin regarding the pebbles, wa laa quwwata illaa billaah.